Early Adolescence (12-14 years)

Teacher Mindsets: How Educators’ Perspectives Shape Student Success

Do classroom environments matter for noncognitive aspects of student performance and students’ course grades?

The Impact of the African American Male Achievement Initiative on High School Success and Implications for Advancing Equity at a District Level

Worth working for: The influence of effort costs on teens’ choices during a novel decision making game

Vanished classmates: The effects of local immigration enforcement on school enrollment

A national experiment reveals where a growth mindset improves achievement

Impact of a growth mindset intervention on key predictors of academic success in a nationally representative sample

Social and environmental influences on motivation for learning: The relationship between childhood adversity and motivational beliefs among older children and adolescents